Hubble Space Telescope (HST)

Deployed April 25, 1990, from the space shuttle Discovery, Hubble is one of the largest and most complex satellites ever built. Hubble's deployment culminated more than 20 years of research by NASA and other scientists. The telescope is named for American astronomer Edwin P. Hubble, who first discovered that countless island cities of stars and galaxies dwell far beyond our Milky Way.

But NASA didn't launch the telescope into space to get closer to the stars. Hubble barely skims the Earth's atmosphere, orbiting just 380 miles above our planet. The nearest star, our sun, is 258,000 times farther away.

Hubble is in space because it can see the universe more clearly than we can from Earth. Looking at the heavens through a ground-based telescope is like trying to identify someone at poolside from the bottom of a swimming pool. Our vision is blurred. That's because we live at the bottom of the Earth's atmosphere, an ocean of air that smears and scatters starlight. That's why stars twinkle.

Scientists have known for several years that our atmosphere obscures and distorts light. The scientists who pioneered rocketry decades ago concluded that the best view of the universe is from above the Earth's atmosphere.

With Hubble, astronomers are getting a clearer picture of the universe. The telescope's stunning photos are showing the world about the wonders of space. Many of the world's foremost astronomers are using Hubble to probe the horizons of space and time. Designed to last 15 years, Hubble is providing intriguing new clues to monster black holes, the birth of galaxies, and planetary systems around stars.

To provide astronomers with the latest Hubble data, the Earth-circling observatory must be maintained by hundreds of scientists, engineers, and computer programmers at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, MD, and the Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, MD.

All spacecraft images courtesy NASA
© The Children's Museum of Indianapolis, 1999